bally ground water essays

bally ground water essays The Bally ground water site is a municipal water supply well field in the borough of Bally in Berks county, near the Philadelphia metropolitan area. The Bally well field and the nearby springs to the northwest of the site are the public water sources for approximately 1,200 residents. The area near the site includes wetlands to the north and a manufacturing plant, Bally Engineered Structures, 1,000 feet to the south of municipal well number 3. Since the 1930s, degreasing solvents containing methylene chloride, TCA, Methanol, Toluene, and TCE have been used in manufacturing at this plant. In 1982, a state water quality check identified the plant as a source of VOC contamination in Ballys municipal wells. The ground water and surface water is contaminated with various VOC's, including tetrachlorethane, trichloroethane, and dichloroethene. Potential health risks exist through direct contact with or drinking of contaminated ground water or surface water. Currently contamination le vels in active public water supply wells do not pose any danger; however, private well contamination does pose a risk. Former lagoons lay underneath the plant and are also considered potential sources of aquifer contamination. From December 1982 to March 1987, the borough of Bally did not use the contaminated municipal well number three for water supply. The water was periodically pumped and discharged into a nearby pond to contain the contaminant plume. Pumping, however, had the effect of drawing VOCS deeper into the aquifer. The Well was completely shut down in March of 1987, due to results of additional ground water contamination studies indicated that 19 of 35 wells sampled, contained detectable levels of VOCS. Currently, VOC-contaminated ground water extends from the plant to the east and northeast. Contaminant movement has become more controlled since pumping and air stripping pilot ...

E.E. cummings essays

E.E. cummings essays E. E. Cummings, who was born in 1894 and died in 1962, wrote many poems with unconventional punctuation and capitalization, and unusual line, word, and even letter placements - namely, ideograms. Cummings' most difficult form of prose is probably the ideogram; it is extremely terse and it combines both visual and auditory elements. There may be sounds or characters on the page that cannot be verbalized or cannot convey the same message if pronounced and not read. Four of Cummings' poems - l(a, mortals), !blac, and swi( - illustrate the ideogram form quite well. Cummings utilizes unique syntax in these poems in order to convey messages visually as well as verbally. Although one may think of l(a as a poem of sadness and loneliness, Cummings probably did not intend that. This poem is about individuality - oneness (Kid 200-1). The theme of oneness can be derived from the numerous inezces and forms of the number '1' throughout the poem. First, 'l(a' contains both the number 1 and the singular indefinite article, 'a'; the second line contains the French singular definite article, 'le'; 'll' on the fifth line represents two ones; 'one' on the 7th line spells the number out; the 8th line, 'l', isolates the number; and 'iness', the last line, can mean "the state of being I" - that is, individuality - or "oneness", deriving the "one" from the lowercase roman numeral 'i' (200). Cummings could have simplified this poem drastically ("a leaf falls:/loneliness"), and still conveyed the same verbal message, but he has altered the normal syntax in order that each line should show a 'one' and highlight the theme of oneness. In fact, the whole poem is shaped like a '1' (200). The shape of the poem can also be seen as the path of a falling leaf; the poem drifts down, flipping and altering pairs of letters like a falling leaf gliding, back and forth, down to the ground...